disAbility Atlas

Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) happens when a person’s brain is damaged after birth. It can be caused by accidents, strokes, infections, or lac...

Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder where a person fears being in places or situations where escape might be difficult or help might not be a...

Amputation is the loss of a limb or body part due to injury, disease, or surgical removal. It can affect one or more limbs and may be partia...

Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is a long-term inflammatory condition that mainly affects the spine, but it can also involve other joints. It ca...

Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder where a person restricts food intake due to a fear of gaining weight or a distorted body image. It ca...

Anxiety disorders cause excessive feelings of intense fear or worry. This can affect daily life and work. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)...

ADHD is a condition that affects how a person thinks, focuses, and behaves. It can cause difficulties with staying organised, paying attenti...

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD) is a condition where the brain has trouble processing sounds, even though hearing is normal. People with...

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental condition that affects how a person communicates, interacts, and learns. It is...

Autism Level 1, previously referred to as Asperger’s syndrome, is a form of autism where individuals may have difficulty with social communi...

Autism Level 2 is a form of autism that causes challenges with social interactions and communication. Individuals with this level of autism...

Autism Level 3, also known as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Level 3, is a severe form of autism where individuals have significant difficul...

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that affects how a person thinks, behaves, and interacts with others. It is a sp...

Dysautonomia is a group of conditions where the autonomic nervous system doesn’t work properly. One common form is Postural Orthostatic Tach...

Binge-eating disorder is a serious mental health condition where individuals regularly eat large amounts of food in a short period, often fe...

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition that causes extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depr...

Bulimia Nervosa is an eating disorder where a person goes through cycles of binge eating followed by behaviours to avoid weight gain, such a...

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is caused by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist. It leads to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, weakne...

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of disorders that affect movement, muscle tone, and coordination. It is caused by brain damage that happens e...

Chronic back pain is long-lasting pain in the back, often lasting for three months or more. It can affect the lower, middle, or upper back....

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a long-term condition where the kidneys gradually lose function. This can affect the body’s ability to remov...

COPD is a long-term lung condition that makes it hard to breathe. It includes diseases like emphysema and chronic bronchitis. People with CO...

Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS) is a condition characterized by ongoing pain in the pelvic region, often without an obvious cause. It ca...

Chronic sinusitis is a long-term inflammation of the sinuses that lasts for 12 weeks or longer, even with treatment. It can cause nasal cong...

Cirrhosis is when the liver becomes scarred due to long-term damage. This can happen from heavy alcohol use, viral hepatitis, or non-alcohol...

Cognitive impairment refers to difficulties with memory, attention, learning, decision-making, or problem-solving. It may be mild or more se...

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), also known as Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD), is a chronic pain condition typically affecting a l...

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is an umbrella term for conditions such as Coronary Heart Disease (CHD), which occur when the blood vessels su...

Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that causes inflammation in the lining of the digestive tract, most commonly the sma...

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic condition that affects the lungs and digestive system. It causes thick and sticky mucus to build up in the...

Dementia is a term used to describe a group of conditions that affect memory, thinking, and social abilities severely enough to interfere wi...

Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent low mood and feelings of sadness and loss of interest in daily activities. It affects...

Type 1 diabetes is a condition where the body’s immune system attacks the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Insulin is needed to c...

Type 2 diabetes is a condition where the body doesn’t properly use insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. It can affect how the body p...

Down syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs when a person has an extra chromosome 21. It can cause physical and intellectual disabiliti...

Dyscalculia is a condition that affects a person’s ability to understand and work with numbers. It can make tasks like calculating, learning...

Dysgraphia is a learning disability that affects writing skills. People with dysgraphia may struggle with handwriting, spelling, and organis...

Dyslexia is a common learning disability that makes it difficult for people to read, write, and spell, despite having normal intelligence. I...

Early-onset or young-onset dementia refers to dementia symptoms that appear before the age of 65. It can affect memory, thinking, behaviour,...

Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a condition that makes the skin red, itchy, and inflamed. It is common in children but can occur...

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of 13 genetic disorders that affect the connective tissues, which support the skin, bones, blood ves...

Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus grows outside of the uterus. This can cause pain, irregula...

Epilepsy is a condition where a person has recurring seizures due to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Seizures can vary from mild...

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a lifelong disability caused by alcohol exposure during pregnancy. It can affect brain development...

Fibromyalgia is a condition that causes widespread pain, fatigue, and tenderness in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons throughout the body....

Fragile X Syndrome is a genetic condition that causes intellectual disability, learning difficulties, and behavioural challenges. It affects...

Global Developmental Delay is a diagnosis used for children under the age of 5 who show delays in two or more areas of development, such as...

Gout is a type of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. This leads to sudden, severe pain, swelling, and redn...

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes the thyroid gland to become overactive (hyperthyroidism). This leads to the body produ...

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) weakens the immune system by attacking CD4 cells (T cells), making the body more vulnerable to infections...

Haemophilia and other bleeding disorders are conditions where the blood doesn’t clot properly. This can lead to excessive bleeding, either s...

Headaches and migraines are conditions that cause pain in the head. Migraines are intense, throbbing headaches often accompanied by nausea,...

Hearing impairment refers to partial or total loss of the ability to hear. Auditory fatigue occurs when a person with hearing loss becomes m...

Hearing loss refers to the partial or total inability to hear. It can affect one or both ears and can be caused by various factors such as a...

Heart disease refers to several types of heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, heart failure, and congenital heart...

Hepatitis is liver inflammation caused by a virus. There are three main types: Hepatitis A Virus (HAV): Spread by contaminated food or water...

A herniated disc occurs when one of the discs in the spine slips out of place or ruptures, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in the back,...

Huntington’s Disease is a rare genetic condition that affects the brain. It causes progressive damage to nerve cells, leading to movement pr...

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, occurs when the force of the blood against the walls of the arteries is too high. It can le...

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) include Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. These are conditions where the digestive tract becomes inf...

Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that makes it hard to fall asleep, stay asleep, or get enough restful sleep. It can be short-term (acute...

Intellectual disability is a condition that affects a person’s ability to learn, reason, problem-solve, and adapt to everyday life. It usual...

Lower limb injuries involve damage to the legs, feet, or ankles, leading to difficulties with mobility and using one or both legs. This can...

Lupus is a chronic illness where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, causing inflammation and damage to organs and...

Marfan syndrome is a genetic condition that affects the body’s connective tissue, which supports organs and structures. It can impact the he...

Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition where a person has noticeable problems with memory or thinking that are greater than expected...

Mobility impairments refer to a broad range of physical conditions that limit a person’s ability to move freely, efficiently, or independent...

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system where the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerve fibres,...

Muscular Dystrophy (MD) is a group of genetic disorders that cause muscles to weaken over time. This leads to difficulty in moving, walking,...

ME/CFS is a complex, long-term condition that causes extreme fatigue that doesn’t improve with rest. It often worsens with physical or menta...

Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological condition that affects the brain’s ability to regulate sleep-wake cycles. People with narcolepsy may ex...

Nonverbal Learning Disability (NVLD) is a neurological condition that affects visual-spatial, motor, and social skills. People with NVLD oft...

Orthopaedic conditions affect the bones, joints, muscles, ligaments, and tendons. These can include injuries or disorders like arthritis, fr...

Osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis. It is caused by the breakdown of cartilage in joints. This leads to pain, stiffness, an...

Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become weak and fragile, making them more likely to break. It often affects older adults and can hap...

Parkinson’s Disease is a progressive neurological disorder that affects movement. It occurs when nerve cells in the brain that produce dopam...

Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is a chronic condition that causes a person to feel unsteady or dizzy, particularly when upr...

Polio is a viral infection that can affect the nervous system and lead to muscle weakness or paralysis. While polio is now rare due to vacci...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a condition where a woman’s ovaries contain many small cysts, which can affect the balance of hormones....

Post-cancer recovery refers to the period after a person has completed cancer treatment. This phase involves physical healing, emotional adj...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after someone experiences or witnesses a traumatic event...

POTS is a condition that affects circulation (blood flow). It causes an abnormal increase in heart rate when a person stands up, which can l...

Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic condition that affects physical, intellectual, and behavioural development. Key features often...

Prosthetic users or limb amputees are individuals who have had one or more limbs partially or completely removed and use prosthetic devices...

Psoriasis is a chronic condition that causes skin cells to grow too quickly, leading to red, scaly patches on the skin. It can appear anywhe...

Psoriatic arthritis is a type of arthritis linked with psoriasis. It causes joint pain, swelling, and skin changes, often affecting the fing...

Raynaud’s Phenomenon causes some areas of the body—usually fingers and toes—to feel numb and cold in response to cold temperatures or stress...

Rett Syndrome is a rare genetic neurological disorder that predominantly affects girls. It leads to severe impairments in motor function, co...

Rheumatoid arthritis is when the immune system attacks the joints, causing pain, swelling, and joint deformity, often in the small joints of...

Schizophrenia is a serious mental health condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may exper...

Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back through the hips and down each leg...

Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves sideways. It can range from mild to severe and may cause uneven posture, back pain, or limit...

Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD) occurs when the brain has difficulty receiving and responding to information from the senses (sight, sound...

Severe allergies can trigger life-threatening reactions known as anaphylaxis. Common allergens include foods (e.g., nuts, shellfish), insect...

Severe asthma is a form of asthma that remains uncontrolled despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and other treatments. It causes freque...

Spina Bifida is a congenital condition where the spine and spinal cord don’t form properly. It can cause physical and neurological challenge...

A spinal cord injury (SCI) occurs when there is damage to the spinal cord, often due to trauma or accidents. This injury can result in parti...

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is blocked or reduced, leading to brain damage. Recovery can vary depending on th...

Tendonitis and RSIs are conditions caused by repetitive movements or sustained awkward positions, leading to inflammation, pain, and reduced...

Thyroid disorders affect the gland in the neck that produces hormones controlling metabolism. Hyperthyroidism means the gland is overactive,...

Tinnitus is the perception of noise or ringing in the ears without an external sound source. It can be constant or intermittent and vary in...

Tourette Syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by involuntary, repetitive movements and vocalisations called tics. Symptom...

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) occurs when an external force, such as a blow or jolt to the head, damages the brain. Symptoms can range from m...

Turner Syndrome is a condition that affects females, where one of the X chromosomes is missing or incomplete. It can cause various physical...

Upper limb injuries include injuries to the shoulder, arm, wrist, or hand that may result from trauma, overuse, or medical conditions such a...

Vision impairment refers to a condition where a person has trouble seeing, even with correction like glasses or contact lenses. This can inc...

Visual Processing Disorder affects how the brain interprets visual information. Individuals may have difficulty distinguishing shapes, track...

“Wheelchair users” describes individuals who rely on a wheelchair for mobility, either manually or via motorized assistance. This need may a...

Williams Syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by the deletion of genes on chromosome 7. It is characterised by distinctive facial feat...