Neurological disorders and injuries

Traumatic Brain Injury

Brain damage from a head injury, causing symptoms from mild confusion to severe changes in function.
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About

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) occurs when an external force, such as a blow or jolt to the head, damages the brain. Symptoms can range from mild (brief confusion) to severe (extended unconsciousness), and may include headaches, memory problems, mood changes, and difficulty with coordination or communication.

This condition is often invisible.

Many disabilities, including this one, may not have outward signs—people can be significantly impacted even if they appear “fine” on the outside.

Common Challenges

  • Memory lapses or difficulty retaining new information
  • Problems with concentration and attention to detail
  • Slower processing speed and decision-making
  • Fatigue and headache during prolonged tasks
  • Emotional regulation issues, such as irritability or mood swings
  • Sensory sensitivities (light, noise) affecting the work environment

Practitioner Help

  • Match roles to current cognitive and physical abilities
  • Support development of compensatory strategies (e.g., memory aids, checklists)
  • Encourage paced work schedules with regular breaks
  • Liaise with employers to provide clear instructions and reduce distractions
  • Assist in accessing rehabilitation services and ongoing support

Common Accommodations

  • Written instructions and visual reminders
  • Flexible work hours or a predictable schedule
  • A quiet or low-sensory workspace
  • Allowing breaks to rest or recalibrate balance
  • Use of assistive technology like speech-to-text software
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Notes

Early intervention and a supportive, structured workplace environment are key to successful employment after TBI. Adapting tasks, reducing complexity, and reinforcing routines help individuals reach their potential.

Resources

  • What is a Traumatic Brain Injury? | TBI Treatment in Australia
  • Connectivity Traumatic Brain Injury Australia | healthdirect
  • Health service use for patients with traumatic brain injury, Introduction - Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
  • Brain Injury Australia
Neurological disorders and injuries

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