Neurodevelopmental and learning disabilities

Intellectual Disability

Affects learning, reasoning, and daily living skills, typically starting before adulthood.
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About

Intellectual disability is a condition that affects a person’s ability to learn, reason, problem-solve, and adapt to everyday life. It usually starts before the age of 18 and can range from mild to severe. People with an intellectual disability may need extra support with learning, communication, and independent living skills.

This condition is often invisible.

Many disabilities, including this one, may not have outward signs—people can be significantly impacted even if they appear “fine” on the outside.

Common Challenges

  • Difficulty understanding complex instructions
  • Slower learning pace for new tasks
  • Challenges with time management or staying organised
  • May need help with communication in the workplace
  • Trouble with social cues or workplace expectations
  • May feel anxious or overwhelmed in unfamiliar situations

Practitioner Help

  • Match jobs to the individual’s strengths and interests
  • Break tasks into smaller, manageable steps
  • Use visual aids or checklists to support understanding
  • Provide training using repetition and routine
  • Build employer understanding and awareness
  • Offer ongoing support and coaching on the job

Common Accommodations

  • Clear, simple instructions with repetition if needed
  • Task checklists or visual prompts
  • Extra time to learn new duties
  • Job coaching or ongoing support
  • Structured daily routines
  • Reduced noise or visual distractions in the workplace
View more on enableDex

Notes

People with intellectual disabilities can thrive in many types of jobs with the right support. Success comes from recognising each individual’s strengths and building routines that help them stay confident and capable at work.

December 3rd is I-Day, International Day of People with Disability

Resources

  • What is intellectual disability? – Inclusion Australia
  • Disability groups and networks | Better Health Channel
Neurodevelopmental and learning disabilities

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